With the continuous development of technology, distributed fiber optic sensing systems have been widely used in various fields. Distributed fiber optic sensing system uses optical fiber as a sensing element, thus realizing distributed measurement of physical quantities. This technology not only enables distributed measurement of temperature, strain, vibration, etc., but also has the advantages of high sensitivity, high accuracy, and resistance to electromagnetic interference.
The principle of distributed fiber optic sensing is based on the scattering effect of light in the fiber. When an external physical quantity acts on the fiber, it will cause changes in the scattering characteristics of the fiber, which can be detected and analyzed to obtain the corresponding physical quantity information. Compared with traditional sensing methods, distributed fiber optic sensing has the advantages of long sensing distance, large sensing range, and strong environmental adaptability.
Distributed fiber optic sensing systems have a wide range of application scenarios. Here are some typical application scenarios:
- Oil and gas production: Distributed fiber optic sensing systems can monitor physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, and fluid distribution in oil and gas wells.
- Structural health monitoring: Distributed fiber optic sensing systems can monitor the strain, temperature, and vibration of civil engineering structures, such as bridges and dams, in real-time, providing early warning of potential structural damage.
- Geophysical exploration: Distributed fiber optic sensing can effectively monitor the temperature, pressure, and fluid distribution in oil and gas reservoirs, providing important information for oil and gas exploration and development.
- Environmental monitoring: Distributed fiber optic sensing can be used to monitor environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and pollutants in real-time, providing early warning of environmental disasters.
- Security monitoring: Distributed fiber optic sensing can be used to monitor security situations such as intrusion detection, perimeter security, and pipeline security.
- Medical applications: Distributed fiber optic sensing can be used to monitor physiological parameters such as blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate in real-time.
- Power grid monitoring: Distributed fiber optic sensing can be used to monitor the temperature and deformation of power transmission lines, and provide early warning of potential faults.
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